Every brand has a DNA and every place has a personality. Just like a human. In some cases, such as Paris (romance), the brand identity evolved organically. In other locales, such as New York City (Big Apple), the DNA was carefully engineered by professionals and political and civic leaders.

In recent years, we have heard often about overlapping new emerging fields: nation branding, place branding, destination branding, public diplomacy, and others. Essentially, all of the above stem from the same ...